According to a recent article in Good Company, the Psychologically Healthy Workplace Program newsletter, Neuroleadership is an emerging field, which uses neuroscience research to maximize brain and interpersonal functioning in the workplace.
One of the most influential recent developments in social cognitive neuroscience research is that of “mirror neurons”: brain cells that become active when observing or intuiting someone’s action, emotion or perceived intention. Mirror neurons allow leaders to communicate effectively with employees by appreciating their perspectives, showing compassionate responses to concerns, and helping them align with shared objectives and core organizational values.
In a related vein, some research indicates that a sense of being treated fairly not only makes us feel valued and respected, but also activates the reward pathways in the brain. Further, when people are emotionally soothed after feeling socially rejected, the prefrontal cortex becomes increasingly active. A potential application of this research might be during the process of employee feedback; empathically communicating opportunities for growth in a direct report may result in better follow up and integration than a more critical approach would. Further, employees who feel that they are being treated fairly will likely be more engaged, cooperative and, ultimately, productive.
Considering that about 70% of employees indicate that work is a significant source of stress, one aspect of executive coaching and leadership development relates to managing stress. We also know that stress affects the brain, resulting in reduced concentration and efficiency. One recent study found reduced brain volume in regions critical for attention, memory and mood regulation in as little as three months in individuals undergoing stressful life events. These same regions were altered in another study examining people with chronic work-related stress.
Fortunately, there is evidence that stress reduction strategies actually have the opposite effect on the brain: one study found increased gray matter in the cingulate cortex and hippocampus in those who consistently used such strategies. By extension, attempts to help executives manage their challenges in daily life probably have direct brain-related benefits. Recent efforts to train executives in mindful approaches to their work suggest that many have learned to improve their focus and manage negative emotions.